DELIVERED AT THE
EIGHTH ANNIVERSARY
OF
THE DUKE ENDOWMENT
Digitized by
the Internet Archive
in 2014
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EIGHTH ANNIVERSARY
THE DUKE ENDOWMENT
Established By
JAMES B. DUKE
ADDRESSES
DELIVERED AT THE
EIGHTH ANNIVERSARY
OF
THE DUKE ENDOWMENT
Sponsored by Friends of Mr Duke in
North Carolina and South Carolina
held at
The First Methodist Episcopal Church, South
charlotte, north carolina
December 11, 1932
Program
The Rev. W. W. Peele, D.D., Presiding
«o»
2:25 Organ Prelude . .
2:35 Hymn
2:40 Invocation
2:45 Address
2:55 Address
3:05 Double Quartet .
3:10 Address
Toccata and Fugue in D Minor
Johann Sebastian Bach
Lawrence Clarke Apgar, Or-
ganist and Carillonneur to
Duke University.
Number 208: / Love Thy King-
dom. Lord.
Doctor Walter L. Lingle, Presi-
dent. Davidson College.
The Duke Endowment in North
Carolina — The Honorable O.
Max Gardner, Governor of
North Carolina.
The Duke Endowment in South
Carolina — The Honorable
Ibra C. Blackwood, Governor
of South Carolina.
Thanks Be To God
Stanley Dickson
Arr. by Sumner Salter
Group from Men's Glee Club
of Duke University.
The Duke Endowment: Its Ori-
gin and Purpose — Judge Wil-
liam R. Perkins, Vice Chair-
man, Board of Trustees of
The Duke Endowment.
Program (Continued)
3:25 Organ Dreams Hugh McAmis
Mr. Apgar
3:30 Remarks The Interest of The Duke En-
dowment in Higher Education
— Doctor W. J. McGlothUn,
President, Furman University.
3:35 Remarks The Interest of The Duke En-
dowment in Medical Educa-
tion— Doctor Robert Wilson,
Dean, Medical College of the
State of South Carolina.
3:40 Remarks The Superannuate Minister and
the Rural Church — The Rev-
erend J. B. Hurley.
3:45 Remarks The Interest of The Duke En-
dowment in the Care of De-
pendent Children — The Rev-
erend C. K. Proctor, Superin-
tendent, Oxford Orphanage.
3:50 Organ Scherzo Eugene Gigout
Mr. Apgar
3:55 Address James B. Duke: Man and Citi-
zen — The Honorable Clyde
R. Hoey.
4:10 Double Quartet . The Recessional De Koven
4:15 Closing Prayer . . .The Right Reverend Edwin D.
Mouzon.
4:20 Organ Postlude. .Finale from Sonata I
Mr. Apgar Mendelssohn
radio broadcast of this
program was made possible
through the courtesy of Radio
Station W BT, Charlotte, North
Carolina, of the Columbia Broad-
casting System, Mr, Earle J,
Gluck, Manager,
The Duke Endowment In
North Carolina
The Honorable O. Max Gardner
Governor of North Carolina
Ladies and Gentlemen:
NORTH Carolina pauses gratefully today to
contemplate the philanthropies of James B.
Duke. Rockefeller and Carnegie alone exceeded him
in public benefactions. Our people could be neither
just nor fair-minded were they to forget or fail to
appreciate what this man has done for the good of
our Commonwealth.
Duke was an empire builder. His name was well
known in all the markets of the world. Although
he held no public office, he sent his ambassadors of
commerce to the ends of the earth. And yet, at the
zenith of his power he remembered the place of his
birth. I can hear him say in the evening of his life:
"Let me look at the rock from whence I was hewn."
North Carolina, which had contributed him to the
world and furnished him the stage upon which
many of his dreams were realized, received the major
legacies from his hands for its social, intellectual and
humanitarian enrichment.
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The Eighth Anniversary
I would not presume to tell you in detail what
The Duke Endowment has done for our people.
Many of you are better equipped to tell the story.
It is my purpose, however, to discuss the manner in
which this man gave his millions and to analyze the
spirit and meaning of what he has done in North
Carolina.
Education is one of the major purposes of the
Endowment. Hence at Durham, the university
bearing his name has been constructed. Its physical
equipment is of unsurpassed beauty. To it, through
the means of a permanent endowment, he is bring-
ing some of the master minds of this generation.
And because Davidson College, supported and
maintained by the Presbyterian Church, had been
building nobility into the character of young men
for a long time, this institution was included in his
benevolence. The Johnson C. Smith University of
Charlotte, with a long and honorable history of
cultural education for the Negroes of America, was
selected by Mr. Duke as the institution of that race
to profit through his philanthropies.
However, in no sphere of his benefactions in
North Carolina does the public come into more
practical or thrilling contact than in hospitalization.
The hospital which he made an adjunct of Duke
The Duke Endowment
7
University is in itself sufficient to attest to his in-
terest in this field of public welfare.
But that is only suggestive of the provisions which
he made for the care and treatment of the sick. Not
only there but throughout our State hospitals have
been erected largely through the aid of this Endow-
ment, with modern equipment and competent med-
ical and nursing staffs. This year 47,000 of our
indigent sick and poor have received aid in these
hospitals, and during the life of this trust so far in
North Carolina approximately $3,000,000 has
been expended, of which almost two million dol-
lars was for this charity service.
In North Carolina also institutions for the care
and training of orphans have received from this
Endowment more than $500,000. ''Every effort,*'
Mr. Duke said, * 'should be made to safeguard these
wards of society/'
Our State has reaped also from his generosity a
half million dollars invested in rural Methodist
Churches, and also for the care of superannuated
ministers of the Gospel more than $150,000 has
been so far distributed.
Mr. Duke did not seek to upset what other men
had done; he desired rather to enter into their la-
bors. Although a man who had spent the major
8
The Eighth Anniversary
part of his life in the thick of industrial activity, he
was keenly aware of the progress that had been made
by other men in the intellectual, social and religious
life of our State. Therefore, when he built Duke
University he wished it to be a fulfillment of the
ambition of those who had founded and worked for
Trinity College. This idea of supplementing the
work of other men, this willingness to assist in the
fulfillment of their dreams, characterized every de-
tail of his philanthrophy. The arms of The Duke
Endowment embrace many institutions that are the
pride of North Carolina. In the naming of them
the imagination is fired with the possibilities for in-
finite good to humanity. Surely Mr. Duke has cre-
ated an instrumentality for great good, which with-
out regard to race or creed will bless our people for
generations to come.
As we gather here the question naturally arises:
what will most surely and adequately perpetuate
the memory of this man? I venture to answer this
question. The greatest memorial to this man is the
daily prayer of thanksgiving that goes up from the
befriended child, the youth who is given greater op-
portunity, and from the public wards of pain where
science is restoring health and peace to stricken
humanity.
The Duke Endowment
9
North Carolina is feeling today many unusual
trends in its economic and social life. Our people
have felt the lash of unkind circumstances. We have
had our share of the distress and heartaches of our
times. It is encouraging to know that the benefits
of The Duke Endowment will continue to aid and
comfort our people in the hard days that are ahead.
It is a trite thing to say that our Commonwealth
stands at the crossroads. Yet as one who has been
intimately associated with the public life of North
Carolina for more than twenty years, I feel in my
heart that we are now making decisions that will
mark and color our destiny for many years. Much
of our future depends upon the wisdom of political
leadership. But much also depends upon the atti-
tude of men of great wealth toward their fellow-
men. As we face an uncharted future it is my sin-
cere hope that all men of wealth will be deeply con-
victed of their duty to mankind.
There is something splendid to me about this
citizen of the world who walked in Wall Street and
in Lombard Street but who could not forget the red
foothills of Durham County. There is something
deeper than a superficial loyalty in a man who gath-
ers wealth from the whole world and lays it in
gratitude at the feet of the State that nurtured both
him and his father before him. Regardless of his
10
The Eighth Anniversary
far-flung activities Mr. Duke was a North Caro-
linian. No matter where he went he could not for-
get the problems and the needs of our people. Our
people were his people — our tradition was in his
blood.
Men are what they are largely because of condi-
tions under which they live and labor, the life cur-
rent about them, the prevailing philosophies of the
time. Mr. Duke began his life in an unsocial era.
The mold of his career was set in the last quarter
of the last century. This was the golden age of
material advance, of wealth amassing by the pio-
neers in the new industrialism, of scientific discovery,
of inventive genius — but it was night-time for the
purely social and human values. Duke, himself,
was a frontiersman forging ahead under the mo-
mentum of an intensely individualistic will. In his
early days rugged self-reliance was the chief capital
asset: the race was for the swift, the battle for the
strong. The people of North Carolina, therefore,
rejoice that this captain of industry, in the maturity
of his judgment, detached himself from his contem-
poraries and wholeheartedly fell in with the warm
currents of a more friendly philosophy. We are in-
deed glad that above the sounds of industrial con-
flict he heard the small but nevertheless compelling
voice of humanity.
The Duke Endowment In
South Carolina
The Honorable Ibra C. Blackwood
Governor of South Carolina
Ladies and Gentlemen:
rrsHE DUKE ENDOWMENT in South Caro-
Duke to confer upon the people of the two Caro-
linas and their posterity the advantages accruing
from a great endowment. Such is the nature of The
Duke Endowment that the geographic lines sepa-
rating the two Carolinas effect but slight difference
in the benefits to the two states. Mr. Duke's dream
was to do something great for the territory wherein
were operated those activities that largely produced
his fortune. The document wherein is given expres-
sion to this great plan is unique and distinguished
for its clarity and simplicity. Every sentence clearly
expresses the idea that it was the purpose of Mr.
Duke not to claim for himself or for any individual
in whom he might be particularly interested any
benefits upon any contingency that might subse-
quently arise. This document is free from re-
versionary terms. It was manifestly his purpose
beneficent plan of J. B.
12
The Eighth Anniversary
through the avenues of religion, education and
hospitilization to make his great donation, serve
humanity in its greatest needs and to the fullest
possible extent that his endowment could be em-
ployed. It was his expressed wish to develop the
resources of the two Carolinas, to contribute to the
wisdom and promote the happiness of their people.
No higher purpose could prompt an individual in
the execution of an act. So, the plan having for its
origin such an unquestioned motive, since the donor
stands upon solid rock upon an elevation, removed
from designs of possible personal gain, nothing re-
mains to make it a success but to provide for its
conduct wisely and honestly. For this he provided
by creating a self-perpetuating Board of Trustees
and bestowing upon the Endowment the quality of
unlimited duration. Thus it is that South Carolina
shares with North Carolina that liberal percentage
of the Endowment that is to be definitely devoted
to the construction of hospitals for the care and
treatment of those who could not otherwise enjoy
hospital treatment and for the treatment of charity
patients therein. This is a most beneficent and
humane arrangement, for many are they who are
poor and destitute who become stricken and afflicted
at such time and place and under such circumstances
that their plight is helpless. It has ever been the
The Duke Endowment
13
unhappy experience of hospitals to be required to
care for charity patients whom they could not turn
away. This unfortunate circumstance has rendered
it impossible for many hospitals to operate success-
fully. By this generous provision this very pressing
demand is largely satisfied. With North Carolina
the percentage of the Endowment that is to be de-
voted to orphans and the maintenance of orphan
homes is shared by South Carolina as her needs may
appear to the Board of Trustees. A shadow that
has herebefore spread across the Carolinas, because
there were in the midst those who were lonely, desti-
tute and defenseless, has been lifted, without addi-
tional public expense.
Among the institutions of learning favored by
this Endowment is Furman University located in
the City of Greenville. Furman enjoys an honor-
able and worthy record for distinguished service by
unselfish teachers and ardent supporters. From her
classrooms have gone forth into the varied walks of
life many illustrious citizens. This institution is
warmly cherished by thousands of loyal and devoted
alumni. Five per cent of the entire net proceeds of
the Endowment is to be paid annually to this insti-
tution. This almost guarantees its successful opera-
tion and continuous existence. The Endowment is
of such a structure that it will almost certainly grow
14
The Eighth Anniversary
and with its growth there is to be its attendant ex-
pansion in hospitilization and orphanage accom-
modations. This bids fair in the stretch of years to
reach a point where charity patients and orphans
may depend entirely upon this source for care and
maintenance and with the growth of this colossal
Endowment Furman will keep apace in the benefits
that she enjoys. All intelligent patriotic South
Carolinians gladly recognize The Duke Endowment
as a boon to their State. The interests, the hopes,
the impulses and aspirations of the people of this
great State, rich in tradition and historic back-
ground, but somewhat retarded in economic prog-
ress, are so entwined about the life and progress of
The Duke Endowment that it will always receive
the sympathy and solicitude of South Carolinians.
South Carolina through 56 institutions, located
in 22 of the 46 counties has, during the past eight
years, received the sum of $2,792,391. Of this sum
Furman University has received $469,677. Sixteen
orphan homes have received $281,027 for the care
of orphans and half orphans and the sum of
$2,041,687 has been appropriated to 39 hospitals
for the care of free patients and for construction and
equipment. This is a relief to South Carolina citi-
zens and taxpayers to the extent of more than
$2,000,000. One of the heavy tax burdens in any
The Duke Endowment
15
commonwealth is the requirement to provide free
hospitilization and orphan homes. This is a duty
resting upon the State that cannot be escaped. This
burden has been graciously lifted from the shoulders
of a struggling people.
There are two South Carolinians on the Board,
and, through them, South Carolina people feel that
they are not strangers to the Board. B. E. Geer, one
of the most loved and honored of South Carolina's
sons, and W. S. Lee, who, as a young engineer, lent
inspiration to Mr. Duke, and Doctor Gil Wilie,
who initiated the Duke Power Company, were
designated members of the Board by Mr. Duke.
These men are viewed with pride and esteem by the
people of South Carolina. In the light of this cir-
cumstance, I feel sure that I can truthfully assert
that the Board occupies a warm and affectionate
place in the thought of our people. The people of
our State may temporarily fail to manifest that de-
gree of appreciation that is deserved but certain it is
that a State whose people have contributed so much
to the cause of liberty and the preservation of the
rights of the people and have ever been ready to de-
fend the cause of justice and honor will not suffer
The Duke Endowment to experience extended lack
of appreciation.
The Duke Endowment: Its
Origin and Purpose
Judge William Perkins
Vice Chairman, Board of Trustees of
The Duke Endowment
Ladies and Gentlemen of My Seen and Unseen
Audience:
THE Trustees of The Duke Endowment, for
whom I speak, with genuine pleasure avail
themselves of the kind invitation of the Commit-
tee on Arrangements to be present and participate
in these memorial exercises. To them the occasion
is one of exceeding gladness and significance. It com-
memorates a life and a cause that are dear to their
hearts. It manifests the rising tide of public recog-
nition and appreciation that is just and inevitable
for such a magnificent enactment on the stage of
human events.
Most appropriately these services are being held
in Charlotte, where Mr. Duke had his southern
home, where he planned and labored and where
there were finally drafted the documents establish-
ing the Endowment. Thereby Old Mecklenburg
County, so long heralded as the birthplace of our
The Duke Endowment
17
independence, may also justly proclaim itself the
cradle of one of the very greatest philanthropies of
all time.
The story begins with the birth in this state
on December 23, 1856, of a boy named James
Buchanan Duke, who was to be, as his life amply
proved, a veritable Christmas present, not only to
his parents but also to humanity itself.
Twenty months later his mother died. A few
years thereafter his father shouldered a musket and
marched away to fight in the War Between the
States. And the child came thus early to know from
experience the meaning of orphanage and poverty.
By great good fortune the lad's formative period
was spent in the intimate companionship of his
father, who was a wise counselor and a Methodist
of the old school. This was the key that unlocked
the future. Father and son proved kindred spirits
and impressions for good were made which endured
and came into full fruition. All through his life
Mr. Duke was wont to state, with unfeigned pride:
'*My old Daddy always said that if he amounted to
anything it was due to the Methodist circuit riders,"
and 'If I amount to anything in this world I owe
it to my Daddy and the Methodist Church/*
18
The Eighth Anniversary
I do not believe any son ever cared more for a
father. As the years sped it ripened into a veneration
beautiful to behold. I could but marvel at the man
this father must have been, thus to influence his
great descendant. It made me realize the responsi-
bilities, the possibilities, of fatherhood as nothing
else, and brought an intense yearning that my life,
each father's life, might deserve and receive such a
blessing.
Ere manhood had been reached the youth became
a partner in his father's business, and it was not
long thereafter until those who knew him perceived
that he had been cast in an heroic mold, created for
big things.
His first great achievement constituted a major
development of the agricultural resources of the two
Carolinas and a contribution of the very first magni-
tude to the industrial growth of our nation. He
made tobacco, a plant indigenous to those states,
one of our largest and most valuable crops, expand-
ing its sales to the four corners of the earth, creating
jobs for thousands and adding millions to land
values, besides yielding large returns in revenue to
the government and in dividends to investors.
This brought him wealth, but not without a
sense of the responsibility which should accompany
The Duke Endowment
19
wealth; for it caused him to say to his intimate
friends: *1 am going to give a good part of what
I make to the Lord/' It also brought him fame,
but not without the bitter denunciation that in this
country unfortunately attends such success; and that
caused him to say: ''Had I done this in England I
would have been knighted; here they seek to put
me in jail/*
His next achievement was still another employ-
ment of his talent and means for the benefit of the
two Carolinas. He developed the water powers of
the river that runs hard by this city and attracted
enterprises for the use of the energy thus created,
until the Piedmont section of these states grew and
blossomed as perhaps no other section of this country
at the same time. Its name became a synonym of
progress and prosperity.
He was in the midst of this second undertaking
when I had the high privilege of becoming associ-
ated with him as his legal adviser, and thus placed
in a position where I am able to speak from inti-
mate, personal knowledge. I soon found that his
mind was busy and burdened with the sense of his
stewardship as a man of wealth. He talked with me
often and at length on the subject, asking the very
practical questions, what he should do and how he
should do it. And then there came a morning I shall
20
The Eighth Anniversary
never forget when, with beaming countenance, he
told me that overnight there had come to him the
very plan he had been seeking. It was that his phil-
anthropy should take the form of giving these water
power developments to the communities they served,
in a manner whereby these communities through
these developments could finance their own charities
by simply doing business in the usual and ordinary
way.
He was enraptured with the splendid conception
which has since captivated the world by its origi-
nality and munificence. He felt it met the test of
real assistance by helping others to help themselves.
And he illustrated by saying it was easy enough to
give money, but the best of all gifts was a job, that
his method really afforded these communities a way
whereby they could work out their own salvation.
Of course there was pointed out to Mr. Duke the
possible danger of basing a large perpetual charity
on a business that might change, indeed, upon a
public utility that was subject to popular regulation
and already being made a target by those who
wished to put government into business. But such
arguments caused him no dismay, so full was his
confidence that he could entrust his benevolence to
the people whom it served. He felt sure they would
understand and appreciate, and in so doing see that
The Duke Endowment
21
the structure he erected for their benefit was pro-
tected and preserved.
In this great faith he went forward boldly, ma-
turing his plans with the enthusiasm of a boy, over
the many fateful years, embracing the World War
and its aftermath, which intervened between the con-
ception and the announcement of his plans. And
when there occurred the public offering of his great
Endowment, which we celebrate today, the Inden-
ture establishing it contained this unique and force-
ful statement on this subject from his pen:
**My ambition is that the revenues of such developments
shall administer to the social welfare as the operation of such
developments is administering to the economic welfare of
the communities which they serve. With these views in
mind, I recommend the securities of the Southern Power
System (The Duke Power Company and its subsidiary com-
panies) as the prime investment for the funds of this trust;
and I advise the Trustees that they do not change any such
investment except in response to the most urgent and extra-
ordinary necessity; and I request the Trustees to see to it
that at all times these companies be managed and operated
by the men best qualified for such a service."
Meanwhile the benevolence had grown im-
mensely, as was always the case with anything that
Mr. Duke undertook. It had been broadened be-
yond the communities this power system served to
include in many respects the whole of the two Caro-
22-
The Eighth Anniversary
Unas, and even to extend aid to hospitalization be-
yond their confines. It had been largely increased in
amount beyond the Duke Power stock originally
contemplated by additions from what Mr. Duke
had made in enterprises elsewhere. $40,000,000 in
value was put in at the Endowment's creation, one-
fifth of the income has to be accumulated until an-
other $40,000,000 has been added to the principal,
and the will probably added another $40,000,000
in value at Mr. Duke's death. So far the income of
the Endowment has been derived approximately
39 % from Duke Power stock and 61 % from other
sources.
The objects of the benevolence had also been
largely expanded. Mr. Duke paid fitting tribute to
the great influence on his life of the Methodist
Church and its circuit riders. For this purpose he
included two provisions: One was for deserving
superannuated preachers and the widows and or-
phans of deceased preachers of that persuasion in
this state, under which there will have been dis-
tributed $189,541.50 at the end of this year; the
other was for building and maintaining Methodist
Churches in the sparsely settled districts of this state,
under which a total of $582,946.66 has been ex-
pended for over 1,200 churches, having congrega-
tions aggregating over 125,000 persons.
The Duke Endowment
23
He also remembered orphans, whose care he de-
clared '*a worthy cause, productive of truly bene-
ficial results, in which all good citizens should have
an abiding interest/' The provision embraces both
white and colored, whole and half orphans of the
two Carolinas, and under it a total of $81 1,504. 1 1
has already been distributed among 48 orphanages,
located at Asheville, Banner Elk, Barium Springs,
Belmont, Black Mountain, Bostic, Camden, Charles-
ton, Charlotte, Clayton, Clinton, Columbia, Dallas,
Durham, Elon College, Falcon, Franklin, Golds-
boro, Greensboro, Greenville, Greenwood, High
Point, Lexington, McCormick, Middlesex, Naz-
areth, Oxford, Penland, Raleigh, Rockwell, Spar-
tanburg, Sumter, Thomasville, Union Mills, Win-
ston-Salem and York,
Education received an enlarged and extensive
share. Here the principal object is Trinity College,
which Mr. Duke^s father had been largely instru-
mental in locating and maintaining at Durham. It
has been erected through Mr. Duke's benefactions
into the magnificent Duke University we have to-
day. In addition, we have the handsome allotment
for its operation and the substantial sums for the
operation of Furman University, a Baptist insti-
tution at Greenville, S. C. ; Davidson College, a
well known Presbyterian institution in this state;
24
The Eighth Anniversary
and Johnson C. Smith University, an institution
for colored people at this city. Under these pro-
visions over $19,000,000 has been expended in thus
reconstructing Trinity College according to Mr.
Duke's ideas and wishes, and $5,842,073.88 has
been distributed for the operation of the four insti-
tutions mentioned.
Mr. Duke was greatly interested in education.
He had thought deeply on the subject and enter-
tained strong convictions which he thought so
worthy of serious consideration that he took occa-
sion to express them in the Indenture establishing
the Endowment for the guidance of its Trustees and
of Duke University. Among other things he said:
"I have selected Duke University as one of the principal
objects of this trust because I recognize that education, when
conducted along sane and practical, as opposed to dogmatic
and theoretical, lines, is, next to religion, the greatest civil-
izing influence."
Such a statement is most refreshing and salutary
in these depression days when all sorts of * 'isms' *
are being vociferously hailed as sovereign panaceas,
especially by some of those connected with our edu-
cational institutions whose inexperience in every-
day affairs has caused them to lose the practical in
the theoretical. No such nostrums appealed to Mr.
Duke. As his quoted words show, and all who
The Duke Endowment
25
knew him can abundantly testify, he was a well-
balanced man of sound common sense and great
practical judgment, who stood four-square on the
principles which underlie our American government,
believing that they constituted the best means
whereby necessary individualism could attain its per-
fection, as illustrated in industry by his own life
and in official life by Abraham Lincoln, whom he
greatly admired.
So essential were these views deemed by Mr.
Duke that he authorized the Trustees of the En-
dowment to withhold its benefits even from Duke
University, should that institution **in their judg-
ment" be not "operated in a manner calculated to
achieve the results intended/' And to this end he
advised that university to secure for its officers,
trustees and faculty men of ''outstanding character,
ability and vision,** and to admit as students only
those ' 'whose previous record shows a character, de-
termination and application evincing a wholesome
and real ambition for life/*
Hospitalization was added as a major object of
the Endowment. If possible, it appealed more
strongly to Mr. Duke than perhaps any of the other
purposes. The reason for this was that Mr. Duke's
study of this subject led him to realize that hospi-
talization was a splendid cause for which there was
26
The Eighth Anniversary
great need and very inadequate help. His program
for aiding hospitalization has two parts. The major
and dominant part is what is known as the free bed
payments. These assist existing hospitals, not oper-
ated for private gain, in doing the charitable work
so necessary, and which they cannot turn away, by
paying to each of them for each day a bed is occu-
pied by a charitable patient such sum, not exceeding
One Dollar per bed per day, as the available funds
will permit when ratably distributed. For this part
there has been expended $3,428,695.95. The second
and subordinate part is the use of any excess in such
funds over that required for the first part in helping
to build and equip hospitals, not operated for pri-
vate gain, in communities where there is inadequate
hospital service. For this part there has been ex-
pended $1,691,677.00. This makes a total of
$5,120,372.95 expended for hospitals so far.
The Trustees have thus helped to build or equip
hospitals located at Abbeville, Albemarle, Asheboro,
Banner Elk, Bennettsville, Biltmore, Boone, Char-
lotte, Columbia, Conway, Crossnore, Durham,
Elizabeth City, Elkin, Florence, Goldsboro, Greens-
boro, Henderson, Lumberton, Marion, Monck's
Corner, Mooresville, Morehead City, Morganton,
MuUins, Newberry, Pinehurst, Raleigh, Roanoke
Rapids, Sanford, Southport, Spartanburg, Sumter,
The Duke Endowment
27
Sylva, Thomasville, Tryon, Wadesboro, Waynes-
ville, Wilmington and Winston-Salem.
The Trustees have made the free bed payments
to the public hospitals at the above named places,
except an uncompleted few, and, in addition, to
other such hospitals located at Aiken, Anderson,
Asheville, Camden, Carthage, Charleston, Fayette-
ville, Fletcher, Gastonia, Greenville, Greenwood,
Halifax, Hamlet, Hendersonville, Huntersville,
Jamestown, Kinston, Laurens, New Bern, Newton,
Oxford, Roaring Gap, Rocky Mount, Rutherford-
ton, Saluda, Shelby, Six Mile, Summerville, Tar-
boro. Union, Washington, Weaverville, White
Rock, Wilson and Wrightsville Sound.
Mark these hospitals on a map of the Carolinas,
see how they dot those states, note that your local
institution is included in the benefits, and you will
begin to realize both your own personal interest in
the Endowment and the meaning of just this one
of its activities. Add in your mind its provisions
for schools, churches, orphanages, and you are even
then far short of a complete vision of this princely
gift of a stalwart son to his beloved home people.
You have still to do the gigantic problem in geo-
metrical progression of multiplying each of these
objects by the recurring amounts it will get as the
great forever unfolds.
28
The Eighth Anniversary
Magnificent, marvelous, you exclaim. Yes, all of
that; for truly the Endowment has a boundless
sweep and a surge sublime that blends with the
ocean of years. And yet is it not just once more the
simple, old, old story of Jesus and His love? *lf I
amount to anything in this world,*' said Mr. Duke,
*1 owe it to my Daddy and the Methodist Church.''
Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit,
saith the Lord of Hosts.
Contemplate the man, the life, the work, already
standing clear and lofty on the receding pages of
history, and you perceive of a certainty the divine
hand of Providence again bringing to a troubled
world through His chosen instrument the glad tid-
ings of great joy which have ever been the mark of
true religion since Christ went about doing good
on earth — the blind see, the deaf hear, the lepers
are cleansed, and the poor have the Gospel preached
unto them. Aye, even more than that, it is saying
to suffering humanity everywhere — let not your
heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid; God is
still in His heaven and all will be right with the
world, if we only give God a chance!
The Interest of
The Duke Endowment In
Higher Education
Doctor W. J. McGlothlin
President, Fur man University
Ladies and Gentlemen:
ONE of the most marked characteristics of the
life of Mr. J. B. Duke was his devotion to
the interests of the people of the two Carolinas.
This is seen in the location of so many of his great
industrial plants within the borders of these states,
in the development of their water power, and in
many other ways. As he approached the end of his
life his chief concern seemed to be to dispose of his
great wealth in such ways as would best and longest
serve his beloved people. In his arrangements for
assisting the orphanages and hospitals of the two
states he made provision for the helpless children
and the suffering poor in a manner so beautiful and
gracious, as to call down perpetual blessings on his
name. But he was not interested in the helpless, the
suffering, and the needy alone. They appealed to
his sympathy and elicited his help, but he knew that
30
The Eighth Anniversary
the future welfare of these states depended upon the
intelligence, character, and competence of the strong
young people. Orphanages and hospitals, however
important and blessed in their ministries, can never
make a great people. Only the homes, the churches,
and the schools can do that. And so Mr. Duke did
what he could directly for the churches and ministers
of his own communion, and then turned to the field
of education for his highest and most striking service
to the people of the two Carolinas. A democracy
must have competent leadership — men and women
of high character, intelligence, and devotion to the
common weal. Such a leadership is necessarily pro-
duced, if produced at all, in the colleges and the
universities of the country. Accordingly, Mr. Duke
chose four colleges situated in the two Carolinas as
the objects of his largest benefactions. The foun-
dations of these institutions, already laid, rested
securely upon fundamental Christian convictions
and ideals, while their origin, history, and traditions
gave assurance of continued efforts in their class-
rooms to prepare a leadership consisting of men and
women of culture, competence, and high character.
These colleges represent both the white and colored
races, and belong to the three great religious bodies
of the South. By selecting and strengthening these
four institutions, Mr. Duke did what he could do
for the people of the Carolinas through college edu-
The Duke Endowment
31
cation. Each of these institutions has been enabled
through his beneficience greatly to enlarge and
strengthen its services not only to its own support-
ing constituency but to the general cultural interests
of both Carolinas.
But the capstone of Mr. Duke's magnificent work
for higher education was the founding of Duke
University. This institution is already the pride of
the Carolinas and is recognized as one of the great
universities of the country. In this institution he
placed at our doors equipment for the highest pos-
sible training of young men and women for the
great professions of medicine, law, the ministry, and
teaching, but also created a center for the preser-
vation, diffusion, and expansion of knowledge and
culture whose possibilities are immeasurable and
whose services will be perpetual.
Mr. Duke was a great organizer, a great manu-
facturer and a great merchant. The Duke Endow-
ment in its broad conception and its details is an
expression of his genius. He knew men and the high
character, great business ability and devotion of the
men whom he selected as Trustees of The Duke En-
dowment guarantee the safety, permanence, and
wise handling of its funds. What the wisdom of
man can do for the welfare of these great educa-
tional institutions has been done.
32
The Eighth Anniversary
We are celebrating the eighth anniversary of the
establishment of The Duke Endowment. These
eight years have served to deepen and widen the tre-
mendous impression made by the announcement of
that event. The wisdom and gracious generosity of
this great gift have been recognized more and more
as the years have passed. And we of the Carolinas
can never forget that it was one of our own, a son
of this soil, who gave to us this great boon. Bless-
ings and honor from a grateful people rest forever
on the name of James B. Duke.
The Interest of
The Duke Endowment In
Medical Education
Doctor Robert Wilson
Dean, Medical College of the State of
South Carolina
Ladies and Gentlemen:
IN A time like the present when men's hearts are
failing them through fear and when upon all
sides we encounter doubt and uncertainty concern-
ing the stability, or even the validity, of the estab-
lished institutions of our existing social order this
service seems of especial significance commemorating
as it does the establishment of an endowment hav-
ing for its purpose the promotion of religion, higher
education and physical health, essential foundation
stones for the building of any successful social and
economic structure. In combining these activities the
founder of The Duke Endowment was looking into
the future with unclouded vision, not seeking to
perpetuate his memory in idle monuments but in
institutions vital to civilization.
34
The Eighth Anniversary
It is my part this afternoon to speak of the
medical phase of the Endowment's activities. One
of the most difficult problems which medicine is fac-
ing today concerns the utilization of the machinery
of modern medical science for the benefit of all who
are in need. This new machinery is not handled as
easily as the old machinery which was simpler in its
structure and required for its manipulation less tech-
nical skill. The solution of the problem is by no
means easy, but however it may be worked out ulti-
mately it is clear that education and training are
fundamental in every program of health conserva-
tion. The education of men and women in the
science of medicine and their training in the art of
its application to the problems of the prevention
and the care of illness are absolutely necessary if the
blessings of modern medicine are to be adequately
administered and distributed. This The Duke En-
dowment is accomplishing directly through the
building of a great medical school and teaching hos-
pital at Durham where the ancient traditions of the
science and art of medicine will find new exempli-
fication in their modern applications. Indirectly
through the aid extended to the hospital in Charles-
ton which supplies teaching facilities to the Medical
College of the State of South Carolina this old seat
of medical culture receives additional sustenance and
strength. Through these medical schools which are
The Duke Endowment
35
providing physicians whose preparation will insure
the highest type of medical care, the beneficent activ-
ities of the Endowment are reaching the people of
the two Carolinas.
Another very serious phase of medical care is cre-
ated by the growing tendency of physicians to settle
in larger towns where opportunities and facilities
are greater, which has created a grave situation in
very many rural communities. Frequent appeals for
physicians come to my office from small towns and
country districts, like the cry from Macedonia for
help, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to
supply them. The cause of this difficulty probably
is too complex for solution by any single measure,
but the effort which The Duke Endowment is mak-
ing to solve it is very significant. **The advance in
the science of medicine . . . makes hospital facilities
essential for obtaining the best results in the practice
of medicine and surgery'' wrote Mr. Duke with full
understanding of the position which hospitals have
come to occupy as important factors in the diagnosis
and treatment of disease as well as educational cen-
ters. Some conception of what has been accom-
plished may be obtained when we learn that through
the contributions made by The Duke Endowment
the ratio of general hospital beds to population dur-
ing the five-year period, 1924 to 1930, increased
36
The Eighth Anniversary
20% in North Carolina and 27% in South Caro-
lina, while the increase for the country as a whole
was only 18%. The assistance thus rendered hos-
pitals in small communities enables these institu-
tions to provide better facilities for medical and
surgical care and so to offer a higher type of service
than would be possible otherwise. The improve-
ment in such hospital facilities with the greater
opportunities thereby afforded for high grade work
likewise is destined to make the practice of medicine
more attractive to better trained medical men and
thus insure to the smaller districts medical attention
comparable to that obtained in the larger centers.
The superannuate Mi nister
and the Rural Church
The Reverend J. B. Hurley
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I AM glad of the opportunity to speak a brief
word touching two special interests as related to
The Duke Endowment: the superannuate minister
and the rural church, both of which lay very close
to the heart of James B. Duke.
The itinerant "circuit rider ' and the rural church
came early into the life of this man. In his youthful
days in the rural sections of central North Carolina,
practically the only contact with the outside world,
about which he dreamed of conquering, came
through periodical visits of the itinerant minister,
his social contacts in the neighborhood in which he
lived were made at the little country church near
his father's home, and the friendships made then
lasted through life.
It is said that his father often talked about these
men of God, who preached the gospel, baptized the
young, performed marriage ceremonies and buried
38
The Eighth Anniversary
the dead, and often remarked about the treasures
these men must have accumulated in heaven.
It is not surprising therefore, that as early as
1915 Mr. Duke began making provisions for the
care of the superannuate ministers, their w^idows
and children, and for the construction and mainte-
nance of rural churches. From 1915 to 1925 an
annual gift of $10,000 was made by Mr. Duke to
the superannuate ministers. A total of $100,000
was distributed during this period. From 1915 to
1925 $15,000 was distributed annually for the
purpose of supplementing the salaries of ministers
in the rural sections of North Carolina. Since 1926
these funds have been distributed by the Trustees of
The Duke Endowment through Duke University.
From December 11, 1924, through October 12,
1932, a total of $759,065.20 had been distributed
for the support of the superannuated ministers, and
for the construction and maintenance of rural
churches. When the $250,000 contributed from
1915 to 1925 is added, the total contribution for
these purposes by Mr. Duke reaches the sum of
$1,009,064.20.
The money available for superannuated ministers
is distributed at Christmas time and is prorated on
the basis of the amount given from the Annual
Conference Superannuate funds.
The Duke Endowment
39
The money in the building fund of the rural
church section of The Duke Endowment is used **to
build Methodist Churches under and connected with
a conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
South, located in the State of North Carolina, but
only those churches located in the sparsely settled
rural districts of the State of North Carolina and
not in any city, town or hamlet incorporated or un-
incorporated, having a population in excess of 1,500
people, according to the then last Federal census."
The funds available for the maintenance of rural
churches are used in two ways: First, to supplement
the salaries of rural ministers, to bring them to the
minimum income for actual support, and. Second,
special opportunities have been found for the church
work in the country during the summer months.
During this season the children are not in school
and hence have more time for religious training and
instruction, the homes of the country people are
more accessible for pastoral visitation, food more
plentiful for entertaining preachers and group meet-
ings, and the weather more favorable. For these
reasons many country preachers have found need
for additional services during the summer months.
The maintenance fund is giving help in this service.
Specially fitted theological students have been sent
into these sections to assist the regular pastors. In
40
The Eighth Anniversary
1931, 67 such men were sent out for various kinds
of v^ork in these country regions. This procedure
not only assists the rural preacher in his work but
also provides a medium for practical training for
theological students.
As a presiding elder for a number of years I had
the opportunity to observe at close hand the ever
increasing benefits this fund brings to the rural
church, and to witness as well as to enjoy the light
and gladness it brings to the retired minister s home.
Superannuation, the day every Methodist preacher
dreads and defers as long as possible, need be re-
garded no longer as a vale of sorrow, or wall of
wailing or region of defeat, but in a sense as the
real beginning of the Beulah Land of a glorious and
crowning ministry.
The spirit and vision of this man, whose name
we shall ever delight to honor, declare him at once
a generous, broad-minded and far-seeing Christian
statesman.
The Interest of
The Duke Endowment in the Care
of Dependent Children
The Reverend C. K. Proctor
Superintendent, Oxford Orphanage
Ladies and Gentlemen:
THERE is no doubt that it takes a great man to
make a million dollars. It takes a still greater
man to give away a million dollars and it takes a
still greater man to give away a million dollars in
an intelligent, far-reaching manner that will benefit
the largest number of people. When this accomplish-
ment is multiplied many times it likewise multiplies
many times the bigness of the man.
Under the indenture of Mr. James B. Duke and
under the provision of his will various interests of
humankind in the two Carolinas have been con-
sidered. These have been enumerated here today and
referred to in splendid style.
The Duke Endowment stands out prominently
in its provision for the needs of the unfortunate —
there is no group of the unfortunate that is more
42
The Eighth Anniversary
deserving of consideration nor that will bring greater
dividends when provided for than the dependent
orphan children. The bigness of the man and the
tenderness of his desire to help is reflected in the pro-
vision of the indenture which includes the orphan-
ages of the two Carolinas. It is not clear how Mr.
Duke was sold on the idea of orphanage aid unless
in his own early life bereft of a mother's care his
heart was inclined toward motherless children. Un-
der the provisions of the indenture, 1 0 % of the net
amount of the income from The Duke Endowment
not retained for additions to the corpus of the estate
shall be paid and distributed to and among such
organizations, institutions, agencies and/or societies
whether public or private by whatever name not
operated for private gain and exclusively operated
for the benefit of whole or half orphans whether
white or colored when in the states of North and
South Carolina. Since the establishment of the En-
dowment and through the year of 1932 The Duke
Endowment had distributed for the care of orphan-
ages in the two Carolinas the sum of $811,504.11.
Contributions were made to 45 institutions in 1932
which institutions provided care for 6,767 children.
The amount paid to each institution is based upon
the number of days that whole and half orphans
are taken care of in said institutions. The total
number of orphan days for the 45 institutions in
The Duke Endowment
43
1932 amounted to 1,956.360. The contribution of
The Duke Endowment in 1932 to the orphanages
amounted to $144,022.60, which is about 7% cents
per day for the number of orphan days represented
by the institutions. It is easy, therefore, to see some-
thing of the bigness of this bequest. It is not the
intention that this should decrease in any way the
support of the institutions from other sources, but
rather to provide those things that the orphanages
otherwise would not have. It was genuinely hoped
that this provision would stimulate other gifts.
During these times of depression The Duke Endow-
ment has been as a life line thrown out to sinking
orphanages by the generous hand of one who loved
little children. It stands today and will stand in the
coming days between hundreds — yea thousands of
helpless children of the two Carolinas and starva-
tion and despair. It shines as a radiant glow of
hope to those about whom the black cloud of despair
has settled and it reveals the tender greatness in the
heart of the donor which reflects the spirit of Him
who magnified the child and said, 'Inasmuch as you
have done it unto one of the least of these you have
done it unto me.**
James B, Duke: Man
and Citizen
The Honorable Clyde R. Hoey
Mr. Chairman, and Friends of The Duke
Endowment:
IT IS a high privilege to participate in this anni-
versary occasion and to speak even briefly of the
dynamic personality whose outstanding benefactions
are thus commemorated, and I salute today the
memory of James B. Duke and present him as a
Man and Citizen,
It is difiicult to accurately measure the stature of
a man and to properly appraise his true qualities
and real worth. The world too often estimates a
man by his possessions and counts his worth by
what he has accumulated. It frequently esteems him
for his attainments and honors him for his achieve-
ments, but the popular idea is that a great success
is measured by the length of figures which express
his worldly wealth.
It is not always possible to distinguish a man
from his possessions and view him apart from the
things which surround and encompass him. Fortu-
The Duke Endowment
45
nately there have been and are a few men of large
wealth who are not obscured by it, and in recalling
such you can still see the Man towering over and
above all that he possesses like a lofty mountain
peak, revealed in bold outline against the vaulted
sky line of the world's vision and thought. Such a
man was James Buchanan Duke!
He was blessed with a great parentage — the
youngest son of Washington Duke — a man of rare
sense, wise judgment and great heart. He was born
in the trying days of the fifties on an Orange County
farm, and he came into the rich heritage of the
opportunity to work and was privileged to know
something of the struggles and cares of the average
man, and to share the hardships and privations of
those days, and to feel the thrill of satisfaction over
daily tasks faithfully performed and hard work
well done.
Young Duke early evinced that aptitude for busi-
ness which later made him a world merchantman
and a colossal leader in business and industry. Given
only a country school education he entered business
at 18 years of age and began to build the stature of
a real man, and this opened the way for the great
success which he achieved in so many and varied
lines of activity and endeavor.
46
The Eighth Anniversary
I shall not review in detail his business career. It
is a vital part of the history of the Carolinas and
of America. The manufacture of tobacco engaged
much of his time and thought and his company
sent its products to the remotest parts of the world
and he became the premier figure of that mighty
industry. Into the great cotton manufacturing busi-
ness he put much of his capital and thought and
the South gained the ascendancy in the manufacture
of cotton over New England and North Carolina
wrested from Massachusetts the supremacy in this
industry. His was a large contribution to this result.
Among his coveted successes was the harnessing
of the water that had hitherto been running to waste
in the rivers of the Carolinas — centering along the
Catawba — and producing unlimited power to light
the homes, towns and cities and to supply power
for the industries of this section. Now the develop-
ment of power is regarded as commonplace, but Mr.
Duke was a real pioneer in this field when he visual-
ized the day when this mighty force would serve
the average man in every phase of life and be so
generally utilized by the public that it would become
indispensable.
The whole career of Mr. Duke was marked by
unusual success. He amassed a large fortune, he
lived a full life, he blazed many new trails in in-
The Duke Endowment
47
dustry, he travelled the high paths of service, he
shared community responsibilities, he envisioned the
crying needs of two commonwealths, he marshalled
his resources and committed his wealth permanently
to the exalted task of caring for the orphan, edu-
cating the youth, healing the sick, ministering to the
retired heroes of the Cross and building houses of
worship to the Prince of Peace.
Above his wealth in land and buildings, farms
and factories, stocks and bonds, goods and gold,
there was that indefinable and unmeasurable wealth
in spirit which enabled him to master himself and
conquer selfishness so that he could see the everlast-
ing things that matter to a nation, state or indi-
vidual, and thus extend himself into the uncharted
centuries of the future, and though dead he yet lives
and serves in the magnificent concept which he
divined as his legacy to humanity and his gift to
posterity,
James B. Duke the Man is bigger than his bene-
factions, larger than his gifts, more royal than his
generosity, broader than his charity and as immortal
as his faith. A long and varied business career in the
field of keen competition naturally aroused business
antagonisms and it is not surprising that if there
were those who assailed Mr. Duke as an austere man
and master, gathering where he had not strewn and
48
The Eighth Anniversary
reaping where he had not sown, but such failed to
glimpse the whole man and to see the full picture.
The whole history of the race in business, politics
and religion emphasizes the fact that strong, domi-
nant figures appear ruthless and uncompromising in
their march of progress, brooking no opposition and
driving relentlessly forward. The statesmen of our
own day in America have evidenced these same quali-
ties. You would not expect to see a Grover Cleve-
land, Theodore Roosevelt or Woodrow Wilson
yielding a contention or surrendering a position, but
the very imperial mastery of the man asserted itself
in the daring and courageous advance which some-
times ran rough shod over opposition. James B.
Duke was a statesman in business.
One of the most accurate standards by which to
measure a man is the opinion and regard of his busi-
ness associates, his contemporaries in service, and his
employees and those who serve him. By common
consent Mr. Duke was always accorded the seat at
the head of the table and where he sat was head.
His associates recognized his superior judgment, his
unfailing wisdom and his fair-mindedness. They
believed in him whole-heartedly and trusted him
supremely. He was deferential, courteous, consid-
erate, and his bigness was never more in evidence
than when dealing with his employees, or even with
The Duke Endowment
49
those who rendered the menial service. Whether dis-
cussing great business affairs with his associates, or
consulting with his attorneys, or conferring with his
farm manager, or passing a friendly greeting to the
house servants, he was always the big, broad, fine
type of man, with a great human heart, who loved
his family, cared for his kindred, ministered to his
day and generation and perpetuated his generosity
in a Foundation of everlasting benefactions.
There is a very close relationship between the man
and citizen. It would be impossible to rise to the
stature of a big man without recognizing and assum-
ing the duties and responsibilities of citizenship. Mr.
Duke met this requirement fully. He was actively
and vitally interested in public affairs and his interest
began in the smallest unit of government and ran
through all the agencies which function in a govern-
mental way. There was nothing provincial about
him as a citizen. With the patriot's conception of
the duty of the citizen his first interest was in the
community, then the State and nation, and after-
wards the intriguing thought of world citizenship
and responsibility. He believed in and loved his own
State. It was the home of his forbears, and the scene
of his activity as a young man. He cherished its
ideals and dared to picture for it a great destiny.
He was a typical American. The principles of our
50
The Eighth Anniversary
Constitution and Bill of Rights, the precepts of our
government and the ideals of its founders became a
part of his very life, and he saw in the Stars and
Stripes the finest symbol of human rights and the
divinest emblem of universal democracy to be found
in all the earth. But the sweep of his vision and the
currents of his helpful sympathy and cooperation
swept across the waste of waters and reached the
farthest outposts of the world's civilization. And
his benefactions followed his vision. Certainly it is
just to say that the attributes and virtues of the
model citizen flowered in him.
You would expect a composite man and citizen
to be interested in the affairs which concern the
whole people, and to share the burdens of the public
in proportion to his ability and resources. Many
men of large wealth succeed in doing this and feel
that they have discharged the full measure of their
duty. And this may be true. But Mr. Duke was
not content to stop with this. He wanted to do
more. He was intent upon travelling the extra mile
and then many added miles. He belongs to that rare
class of men who control their wealth, instead of
permitting their riches to control them. He was will-
ing while he yet lived to part company with his
millions for the cause which he pondered in his heart
and so enthusiastically planned and which found
The Duke Endowment
51
full fruition in The Duke Endowment, the exe-
cution of which great instrument we commemorate
today.
The completeness with which he made provision
for the threefold nature of man — physical, intel-
lectual and spiritual — is evidenced by a mere ref-
erence to this marvelous document. He began with
the child in his help to the orphans, he provided
for physical ministrations to all ages, classes and
races in his aid to the hospitals, and then made pro-
vision for the physical comfort and support for the
preachers in their days of declining health and ad-
vancing years. Colleges and universities for men and
women of both races were endowed that liberal edu-
cation and vast knowledge might be attained by
those who seek intellectual culture. Churches are
aided and established, if need be, for the cultivation
of the spiritual nature. The whole man is encom-
passed in these provisions and aid given at every
angle of his nature.
Friends of Mr. Duke like to recall the varied fund
of knowledge which he had gained by his contact
with people and his experience in a world of big
things. But after all of his years of life in the big
cities and his world contacts he was continually
quoting his father as the ultimate authority in wis-
dom and judgment. He would bring to a climax
52
The Eighth Anniversary
his own thought by a declaration, **As my old
Father used to say/' and there was no appeal from
an opinion thus fortified.
Mr. Duke was a religious man. He did not parade
his piety or vaunt his religion, but he believed stead-
fastly in the great fundamental things of life. He
had unfailing faith in the ministers of the gospel,
and especially believed in the potency and power of
the circuit rider of his church. He was a Methodist,
but there was no sectarianism in his make-up, and
his great catholic spirit encompassed all denomina-
tions and all races in a world brotherhood. He wor-
shipped a great God, he bowed before no small deity,
he knelt at the shrine of no god made with hands,
but his was a God powerful enough to spin worlds
from his finger tips and to save the souls of all the
sons and daughters of men. He understood the
spiritual entities of life, and was familiar with the
declaration of that Old Testament prophet Micah
who proclaimed that the whole duty of man was
"To do justly, to love mercy, and walk humbly
with thy God.** He must have understood the doc-
trine of the Christianity of the New Testament when
the Apostle James explains that **pure religion and
undefiled before God and the Father is this — to visit
the fatherless and widows in their afflictions and
keep himself unspotted from the world.** He must
The Duke Endowment
53
also have appropriated somewhat of the spirit of
the Man of Galilee, as represented by the massive
sculpture of the Christ, which stands at the entrance
of Johns Hopkins Hospital and bearing the inscrip-
tion, ''Come unto me all ye that labor and are heavy
laden and I will give you rest/'
If Mr. Duke had lived in Europe he would have
been officially titled as Earl, or Duke, or Lord, and
if a subject of His Majesty, the King of England,
and had conferred the benefactions upon that land
that he has given to his own, his body would be
resting in Westminster Abbey among Britain's im-
mortal dead. But he lived in America; he was desig-
nated as "Mr.," the title of an American man and
citizen, and his body rests under the sacred soil of
his loved North Carolina, along beside the body of
his honored father, but his memory shall be revered
and loved through the cycles of the oncoming cen-
turies, and men and ministers, women and little
children, in their evening devotions around their
firesides will thank God that he lived.
Sponsoring Committee
Mr. D. E. Henderson, Chairman
Charlotte
NORTH CAROLINA
Mr. a. B. Andrews Raleigh
Honorable Josiah Bailey Raleigh
Reverend A. S. Barnes Raleigh
Mr. Kemp D. Battle Rocky Mount
Mrs. S. Westray Battle Asheville
Dr. Charles E. Brewer Raleigh
Dr. E. C. Brooks Raleigh
Mr. J. F. Bruton Wilson
Mrs. James Campbell Asheville
Mr. S. B. ChapiN Pinehurst
Mr. H. p. Cheatham Oxford
Mr. Cary Dowd Charlotte
Mr. R. a. Dunn Charlotte
Mrs. Alma Edgerton Raleigh
Mr. a. H. Eller Winston-Salem
Dr. W. p. Few Durham
Mr. T. a. Finch Thomasville
Honorable O. Max Gardner Raleigh
Reverend J. T. Gibbs Pelham
Mr. Robert W. Glenn Greensboro
Dr. Frank Porter Graham Chapel Hill
Mr. James A. Gray Winston-Salem
Right Reverend W. J. Hafey Raleigh
Honorable F. W. Hancock, Jr Oxford
Honorable Thomas J. Harkins Asheville
Mr. C. J. Harris Sylva
Colonel Wade Harris Charlotte
56
The Eighth Anniversary
Mr. John Sprunt Hill Durham
Mr. George Watts Hill Durham
Reverend J. B. Hurley Lexington
Mr. Joseph B. Johnston Barium Springs
Mr. C. E. Kistler Morganton
Dr. Thurman Kitchin Wake Forest
Dr. Walter L. Lingle Davidson
Reverend John P. Manley Nazareth
Reverend T. F. Marr Brevard
Mr. D. B. McCrary Asheboro
Dr. H. L. McCrorey Charlotte
Honorable A. W. McLean Lumberton
Dr. Julian Miller Raleigh
Honorable Cameron Morrison Charlotte
Right Reverend E. D. Mouzon ' . . . Charlotte
Honorable Robert N. Page Raleigh
Dr. James M. Parrott Raleigh
Right Reverend E. A. Penick Charlotte
Reverend A. W. Plyler Greensboro
Mr. Julian Price Greensboro
Reverend C. K. Proctor Oxford
Mother Mary Raphael Charlotte
Mr. W. O. Saunders Elizabeth City
Dr. S. p. Sebastian Greensboro
Mr. J. B. Sherrill Concord
Mr. W. H. Sprunt Wilmington
Mr. a. L. Stockton Greensboro
Dr. Samuel L. Stringfield Waynesville
Dr. W. C. Tate Banner Elk
Mr. Edgar H. Tufts Banner Elk
Dr. J. B. Whittington Winston-Salem
Mr. Herman Wiel Goldsboro
Mr. O. V. WOOSLEY Winston-Salem
The Duke Endowment 57
SOUTH CAROLINA
Dr. Robert Abell Chester
Dr. L. T. Baker Columbia
Mr. F. O. Bates Charleston
Dr. J. Moss Beeler Spartanburg
Sister Mary Bernardine Charleston
Mrs. Homer S. Blackwell Laurens
Honorable Ibra C. Blackwood Columbia
Honorable James F. Byrnes Spartanburg
Sister Mary Camilla Greenville
Mr. C. W. Coker, Jr Hartsville
Right Reverend K. G. Finley Columbia
Honorable G. Lyles Glenn Chester
Honorable William E. Gonzales Columbia
Reverend A. K. Gwynn Greenville
Mr. J. H. Hope Columbia
Mr. R. S. Huntington Greenville
Dr. a. T. Jamison Greenwood
Dr. James P. Kinard Rock Hill
Mr. John Law Spartanburg
Mr. J. J. LawtoN Hartsville
Dr. L. Ross Lynn Clinton
Mr. H. H. McGill Columbia
Dr. W. J. McGlothLIN Greenville
Mrs. a. F. McKissick Greenville
Dr. F. H. McLeod Florence
Mrs. Bradley Morrah Greenville
Commandant Rex Munselle Greenville
Mr. Emslie Nicholson Union
Mr. J. M. NiCKLES Abbeville
Reverend Thomas P. Noe York
Mr. Neill O'Donnell Sumter
58
The Eighth Anniversary
Mr. B. H. Peace Greenville
Dr. E. W. Sikes Clemson College
Honorable E. D. Smith Lynchburg
General Charles P. Summerall Charleston
Right Reverend E. M. Walsh Charleston
Dr. R. S. Wilkinson Orangeburg
Mrs. Minnie E. Williamson Columbia
Dr. Robert Wilson Charleston
Dr. Frank Wrenn Anderson
Local Sponsoring Committee
Mr. David Ovens, Chairman
Mr. H. C. Alexander
Mr. Louis H. Asbury
Mr. W. H. Belk
Mr. James A. Bell
Mr. E. R. Bucher
Mr. E. T. Cansler, Sr.
Mrs. Guy T. Carswell
Mr. David Clark
Mr. Francis Clarkson
Mr. Claude Cochrane
Mrs. Stuart W. Cramer, Jr.
Mr. J. B. Efird
Mr. Lee Folger
Reverend Ambrose Gallagher
Dr. Edgar Gammon
Dr. R. L. Gibbon
Mr. W. G. Gilks
Mr. Thomas Glasgow
Mr. Earle J. Gluck
Mr. B. B. Gossett
Mrs. Bailey T. Groome
Dr. James F. Hardie
Mrs. B. Shaw Howell
Reverend John L. Jackson
Mr. Curtis B. Johnson
Mr. C. W. Johnston
Mrs. Horace Johnston
Colonel T. L. Kirkpatrick
Mr. Clarence Kuester
The Eighth Anniversary
Mr. Charles E. Lambeth
Mr. Julian H. Little
Dr. Luther Little
Mrs. John P. Lucas
Mr. Robert A. Mayer
Mr. E. L. Mason
Reverend E. N. Orr
Mr. Frank Orr
Reverend W. W. Peele
Reverend C. M. Pickens
Mr. W. E. Price
Mr. J. B. Pridgen
Mr. a. L. Roberts
Mrs. R. Lee Rutzler
Mr. John M. Scott
Mr. J. H. Separk
Mr. Victor Shaw
Reverend John W. Shackford
Mr. Frank Sherrill
Mr. H. C. Sherrill
Mr. Morgan B. Spier
Mr. J. A. Stokes
Mr. a. T. Summey
Mr. C. R. Swinney
Mr. C. W. Tillett, Jr.
Dr. John H. Tucker
Mr. H. M. Victor
Mr. H. M. Wade
Reverend R. D. Ware
Dr. a. M. Whisnant
Mr. p. C. Whitlock
Mr. C. a. Williams
Mr. W. H. Wood
e University Alumni Committee
Mr. Henry Fisher, Chairman
Mr. Spencer Bell
Mr. Whiteford S. Blakeney, Jr.
Mr. Hugh C. Boyer
Mr. L. E. Brown
Mr. Charles Bundy
Mr. John Dempster
Mr. Paul Ervin
Mr. Leonard Graham
Mr. Paul Gurley
Mr. George P. Harris
Mr. Roy Hunter
Mr. George Ivey
Reverend Carl King
Mr. John Lineberger
Mr. H. I. McDouGLE
Mr. John Moore
Mr. F. Grainger Pierce
Mr. J. Ralph Rone
Mr. Louis L. Rose
Mr. Kermit Sherrill
Mr. Paul M. Sherrill
Mr. John H. Small, Jr.
Dr. Frank C. Smith
Mr. Sinclair Stewart
Mr. Henry E. Thomas, Jr.
Mr. Ralph Warren